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In 1937, diethylene Glycol was implicated in the first significant drug disaster in the history of public drug control in the 20th century, which happened in the USA. Elixir Sulfanilamide, a medicine made of sulfanilamide diluted in diethylene glycol, was introduced by a pharmacist. It had undergone flavour, appearance, and smell testing, but not safety testing. Almost 100 people who had been receiving Elixir Sulfanilamide for coughs and sore throats died after taking the medication in excruciating pain, many of them being young children.
Public indignation led to support for legislation that was pending in the US Congress to strengthen public regulation of drugs. The US Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 was enacted as a result, and it continues to serve as the nation's legal framework for the regulation of pharmaceuticals and other products used for the treatment, diagnosis, mitigation, or prevention of disease in humans or animals. Many other nations have used it as a model for laws of a similar nature.
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